Validation of Thermography for the Diagnosis of Compartment Syndrome in the Upper Extremities Due To Electrical Burns in Patients with Altered Alertness
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Compartment syndrome in the extremities is a surgical emergency that requires decompression to avoid complications, the diagnosis is made through the clinic, if there is doubt it is confirmed with the measurement of intracompartmental pressure by means of an invasive device, it is imperative for the diagnosis to measure it in patients with altered alertness.
Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of thermography compared to the measurement of intracompartmental pressure with the Whiteside method as a diagnosis of upper extremity compartment syndrome in patients with electrical burns with impaired alertness. Thus achieving faster, more accessible, cheaper, reliable and non-invasive detection. It can be used by the first contact physician and/or paramedics, nurses, students for timely diagnosis and treatment, reducing the rate of sequelae and complications.
Material and methods: All patients with a presumptive diagnosis of compartment syndrome in the upper extremities secondary to electrical burn with altered alertness who were admitted to the Adolfo López Mateos Medical Center were included®.Results: In the present study, a sensitivity of 58% and a specificity of 100% were obtained, with a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 50%, as well as a prevalence of 70.58% and an incidence of 7 out of 10 patients.
Conclusion: We can conclude that the study has a good specificity and when analyzing the values present we notice that it can have a good sensitivity which is altered by the amount of the sample of the patients.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
I. CENETEC. GPC CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE NURSING INTERVENTIONS FOR THE CARE OF THE SEVERELY BURNED ADULT [Internet]. 2017. Available from: www.cenetec.salud.gob.mx
II. Vacaflor Montero C. Historical references in the evolution of burn treatment. Vol. 46, Ibero-Latin American Plastic Surgery. Spanish Society of Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (SECPRE); 2020. p. S7–8.
III. Klenerman L, Professor of Orthopaedic E. The evolution of the compartment syndrome since 1948 as recorded in the JBJS (B) L. Klenerman. THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY ANNOTATION. 2007;
IV. Castro cols GL, cols BG, Pietro DC, Ditta BL. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ELECTRICAL BURNS. Argentine Journal of Plastic Surgery. 2018; 51–6.
V. Salmerón-González E, García-Vilariño E, Sánchez-García A, Pérez-García A, Pérez Del Caz MD. Historic evolution of burn care. Cirugia plastica Ibero-Latin American. 2020 Apr 1; 46:S9–16.
VI. Perez del Caz MD. FILACP Burns Committee Update in the treatment of the burned patient. Vol. 46, Ibero-Latin American Plastic Surgery. Spanish Society of Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (SECPRE); 2020. p. S3–4.
VII. Jiménez Rocío, García Francisco. MANAGMENT OF FIRST AND SECOND GRADE BURNS IN PRIMARY CARE. HELCOS. 2018; 45–51.
VIII. CENETEC. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of burns in children and adolescents. Evidence Guidelines and Recommendations: Clinical Practice Guideline Mexico, CENETEC [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2023 Jul 7]; 1–160. Available from: http://www.cenetec-difusion.com/CMGPC/GPC-SS090- 18/ER.pdf
IX. Jeschke MG, Van Bar ME, Choudhry MA, Chung KK, Gibran NS, Logsetty S. Burn injury. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020 Dec 1; 6(1).
X. Evers LH, Bhavsar D, Mailänder P. The biology of burn injury. Vol. 19, Experimental Dermatology. 2010. p. 777–83.
XI. Mortensen SJ, Vora MM, Mohamadi A, Wright CL, Hanna P, Lechtig A, et al. Diagnostic Modalities for Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Extremities: A Systematic Review. Vol. 154, JAMA Surgery. American Medical Association; 2019. p. 655–65.
XII. Lahiri BB, Bagavathiappan S, Jayakumar T, Philip J. Medical applications of infrared thermography: A review. Vol. 55, Infrared Physics and Technology. 2012. p. 221–35.
XIII. Fernández-Cuevas I, Bouzas Marins JC, Arnáiz Lastras J, Gómez Carmona PM, Piñonosa Cano S, García-Concepción MÁ, et al. Classification of factors influencing the use of infrared thermography in humans: A review. Vol. 71, Infrared Physics and Technology. Elsevier B.V.; 2015. p. 28–55.
XIV. Eduardo Moctezuma-Paz L, Páez-Franco I, Jiménez-González S, Dida Miguel-Jaimes K, Foncerrada-Ortega G, Yadira Sánchez-Flores A, et al. Epidemiology of burns in Mexico. 2015.
XV. Duckworth AD, McQueen MM. The Diagnosis of Acute Compartment Syndrome. Vol. 5, JBJS Reviews. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Inc.; 2017. p. E1.
XVI. Giai Via Alessio, Oliva Francesco, Spolitl Marco, Maffulli Nicola. Acute compartment syndrome. 2015.
XVII. Sellei RM, Kobbe P, Hildebrand F. Non-Invasive Diagnostics in Acute Compartment Syndrome [Internet]. 2021. Available from: www.intechopen.com
XVIII. Larrea Prieto J, Núñez Orduña E, Bendito Guilarte B, Alberto Gianella C, Iglesias Aguilar C, Miñón Santamaría C. Correlation between smartphone thermography and angio-CT to detect perforators in DIEP flaps. Cirugia Plastica Ibero-Latinoamericana. 2020 Mar 1; 46(1):53–6.
XIX. Garza Alatorre Arturo, Martinez Rodriguez Veronica, Cabrera Yanyn, Alfaro Rodrigo. Increased incidence of severe secondary burns in COVID-19 quarantine. 2021 [cited 2023 Jul 7]; Available from: https://saludpublica.mx/index.php/spm
XX. Ramos Guillermo, Ambriz Rosa, Rodríguez Rosalio, González Luis, Enríquez Lenin. Results in the management of electrical burns in a tertiary care hospital [Internet]. 2012. Available from: www.medigraphic.org.mx
XXI. Jones AL, Rankin JA, Then KL. Drug Overdose, Loss of Consciousness, and Compartment Syndrome: A Life-Threatening Combination. J Emerg Nurs. 2020 May 1; 46(3):294–301.
XXII. Tiwari A, Haq AI, Myint F, Hamilton G. Acute compartment syndromes. Vol. 89, British Journal of Surgery. 2002. p. 397–412.
XXIII. McMillan TE, Gardner WT, Schmidt AH, Johnstone AJ. Diagnosing acute compartment syndrome—where have we got to? Vol. 43, International Orthopaedics. Springer Verlag; 2019. p. 2429–35.
XXIV. Donaldson J, Haddad B, Khan WS. The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome. Vol. 8, The Open Orthopaedics Journal. 2014.
XXV. D. B, R. L, S. S, M. L, M. C. PRESSURE GUIDED SURGERY OF COMPARTMENT SYNDROME OF THE LIMBS IN BURN PATIENTS. Annals of Burn and Fire Disasters. 2017;XXX(3):193–7.
XXVI. Osborn CPM, Schmidt AH. Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2020 Feb 1; 28(3):e108–14.
XXVII. Katz L, Nauriyal V, Nagaraj S, Finch A, Sproule C, Farrel A, et al. Infrared Imaging for Detection of Compartment Syndrome. Vol. 14, Acad Emerg Med. 2007.
XXVIII. Katz LM, Nauriyal V, Nagaraj S, Finch A, Pearlstein K, Szymanowski A, et al. Infrared imaging of trauma patients for detection of acute compartment syndrome of the leg. Crit Care Med. 2008; 36(6):1756–61.